The
other day I received a long-awaited latest book by Branko Milanovic and
remembered that the Ten Books to
Read list needed an update. So, here we go. I’m going to stick to some of
the already familiar topics along the economic history, economic development,
and diaspora lines, as well as
some (usually classical) fiction.
My
interest in “how it all” impacts small country development is still valid with
this selection. As before, the list is a mixed basket of relatively new books
and those published much earlier / some that I’ve read or re-read and some that
are marked to be read soon. The point is to try minimize parallels with the
generic bestseller lists that eventually end up repeating from one medial
outlet to the next.
There are few pieces that I’ve recently completed (two
co-authored) that may also be of interest, all released this year. The first
one deals directly with the economic prospects of the post-socialist economies
(emphasis on the small) as of now and with a review of the past five years
since the Transition Economies
publication:
Gevorkyan, Aleksandr V. 2023. History’s
choke-hold: realities and economic development options of the small
post-socialist economies. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4380754
Gevorkyan, A.V. and T. Khemraj. 2024.
[Forthcoming in Review of Keynesian Economics]
Dominant Currency Shocks and Foreign Exchange Pressure in the Periphery.
Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4235710
Dear editor, I’m responding to your questions about the Future Armenian convention.
What is the Future Armenian for you?
First and foremost, the
FA is a platform for dialogue, a conversation, across the pan-Armenian world.
It is this communication aspect that, to me, stands out as the essential
element in the construction of the Armenian nation in its latest, post 1990s, history.
For too long there was a lack of such objective platform bringing together
Armenians of all walks, professions, diverse views, and opinions from Armenia
and the diaspora. This is where the FA, leveraging the latest communication
capacity, offers such an opportunity for the Armenians of the world to truly
connect and 1) talk to each other; 2) learn about each other; 3) start putting
together ideas for the benefit of Armenia and Armenian nation in general. This
was what I saw at the Convention in March and had experienced while
participating in the working groups meetings several months earlier in
preparation for the convention.
But the FA also has a strong potential of becoming a forward-looking civic entity that, absorbing the intellectual and professional potential of all contributors, can become an objectively effective policy setting unit. Again, this would be relevant both in Armenia and in the diaspora. One could imagine the outcomes of the FA Convention or other meetings, the synergies that have been built through the diverse mix of participants’ talent, to serve as solid foundation in a range of activities towards heritage preservation, sustaining diaspora and strengthening its link with the country, promoting inclusive socio-economic development, and, all together, contributing in some small measure of hope to the just right for Armenians to live independently and safely on their ancestral land.
What are your impressions from the FA Convention?
The organization of the
convention – for its intended purpose of focused discussion of specific
thematic issues – was quite impressive. It was encouraging to see under one
roof so many Armenians who’d travelled from different corners of the world to
Armenia investing their energy and time and putting their minds together and
engaging with the questions. Also, in terms of the organization, it was good to
see the discussions being moderated and all relevant comments recorded in the
minutes of the meetings. One could tell organizers had prepared well and did
their homework ahead of the meetings.
On a more conceptual
level, there is much hope that all participants attached to the outcomes of the
convention. Granted it is going to be a lot of work, but even if some small
portion of the transpired discussions becomes relevant in more applied policy
decisions today, that would be an important achievement. It would be natural to
expect that additional follow ups would occur and such gatherings, either in
person or online, may continue to contribute to the betterment of the country
and the nation. The key, of course, are the continued open communication and
pragmatic assessment of the realities faced by Armenia and the diaspora
communities.
So, generally, quite positive impressions with wishes to see even greater number of delegates and thematic discussions in the future.
Tell us about the work that you do:
Due to my research interests
I became affiliated with the Future Armenian as an expert working with the
diaspora group. We actively worked in the months before the Convention,
brainstorming various ideas. My may proposition can be summarized in a triad of
key categories, in this order: 1) identity; 2) trust; 3) engagement
infrastructure [I develop these ideas in this paper]. The crux of the argument is that
Armenian diaspora is multipolar, diverse, divided, and widely scattered. It is
unlikely a large-scale repatriation (which for the most of diaspora-living
Armenians would actually be immigration) wave may somehow magically
build up a momentum. Instead, we should expect a more targeted approach. What
does this mean?
Start with identity – it
matters in a sense of determining who we feel comfortable connecting with, whom
do we recognize as one of ours? For Armenian diaspora, which places a strong
emphasis on the individual’s historical background origins, complicated by the
layers of political, cultural, and educational factors, this becomes important.
But in a simplest analogy, one could ask, for example, does this particular
diaspora-Armenian consider Armenia is their homeland? You’d be surprised by the
answer. I discovered that in my Armenian
Diaspora Online Survey, which I ran between 2015-2018.
So that leads me to the
second point – trust. Briefly, this is about trust relations among the
individuals making up the broader diaspora group. So it is within the community
and it is based on mutual identity recognition (e.g., just Armenian or some
-tsi / -ցի Armenian?);
time; and experience/interaction. But then, this category deals with trust
between the diaspora community (in its broadest definition) with the ancestral
(or perceived as such) country. That then leads to the third point.
Engagement infrastructure,
today, is one of the most critical elements of this construction. A country’s
diaspora strategy sets the engagement infrastructure and it can overcome any
antagonisms that we might be picking up at the identity and trust stages above.
Why? Because a country has the capacity to set up a mutually acceptable
framework for all facets of diaspora definitions. And a clever, pragmatic, and
country/nation centric engagement infrastructure inspires a diasporan to
identify themselves with and develop, over time, some trust towards connecting
with the country in whatever relevant capacity.
Aleksandr V. Gevorkyan, Ph.D. is a
macroeconomist specializing in open economy, macroeconomic development,
diaspora studies, and post-socialist transition economics. Dr. Gevorkyan
is the Henry George Chair in Economics and Associate Professor at the
Department of Economics and Finance of the Peter J. Tobin College of Business
at St. John’s University. Prior to the academic appointments, Dr. Gevorkyan
worked extensively in the private consulting and public policy sectors. He also
serves as Economics Subject Matter Expert for the Permanent Observer Mission of
the Holy See To the United Nations. Dr. Gevorkyan is a member of the
editorial boards at the Review of Political Economy and Keynesian
Economics. He has authored several books, including Transition
Economies: Transformation, Development, and Society in Eastern Europe and the
Former Soviet Union (Routledge, 2018), and edited Foreign
Exchange Constraint and Developing Economies (Edward Elgar, 2023). Dr.
Gevorkyan is a board member at the Armenian Economic Association. For a
complete list of publications and ongoing research please see http://agevorkyan.com/
Please let me know if any other questions. Thanks for the
opportunity!
Сквозь глубину темной и изнурительной ночи,
пассажирский самолет шел на посадку. В облаках еще была турбулентность, а внизу
уже показались огни цивилизации. Сзади проснулся мужчина, набрал номер на своем
телефоне, сообщая кому-то на другом конце линии, что все в порядке и скоро
посадка. Через несколько секунд другой мужчина через проход сделал то же самое.
Женщина встала и принялась разбирать свою ручную кладь, болтая с кем-то через
несколько рядов. Бортпроводники поспешили вернуть пассажиров на свои места,
попросили их с пристегнуть ремни безопасности, но это помогло лишь на несколько
мгновений. Очень скоро уже другие пассажиры были на ногах, переговариваясь и
шутя между собой. Единственным выходом из всего этого было посадить самолет и
как можно быстрее вывести людей. Естественно, как только самолет приземлился,
те, кто сидели на задних рядах, повскакивали прежде, чем сидящие впереди успели
и глазом моргнуть. Эта сцена, так часто повторяющаяся даже на рейсах дорогих
авиакомпаний, в данном случае была несколько необычной. Наконец-то мы прибыли в
аэропорт “Звартноц” в Ереване, Армения…
В этом месте есть какая-то неумолимая воля к жизни:
жить в быстром темпе. Об этом можно судить по машинам, проносящимся на скорости
через перекрестки – очевидно, речь о последнем мгновении, чтобы повернуть,
иначе будет слишком поздно, а может, так только кажется? Спонтанное хаотичное
скопление людей в торговых центрах тоже естественное явление: признак чего-то
дефицитного и заслуживающего внимания, что потенциально может оказаться
“решающим” в улучшении условий жизни. Рядом с одним из торговых
центров находится древняя гробница царства Урарту (VIII в. до н.э.) – мало кто
из персонала знает о ней, впрочем не такая уж она и древняя по сравнению с
крепостью или другими, еще менее известными археологическими памятниками… Например,
кожаный башмак возрастом 5500 лет древнее нашей цивилизации…
Туман и холод отупляют разум. Вдобавок к ним идет
чрезмерное потребление кофе по завышенным ценам, который, кажется, не помогает
справиться с надоедливым джетлагом. Кстати, кофе тоже превратился из напитка по
особому домашнему рецепту, коим он оставался даже в кустарных кафе, в
стандартизированное промышленное производство многофункциональных кофемашин.
Остался лишь редкий запах жареных кофейных зерен, измельченных для
приготовления бесчисленных капучино (с обязательным фирменным рисунком на пенке)
… Это место неумолимо, и его жители не останавливаются в своем стремлении ко
всему новому и совершенному.
Можно пройти всю Аппалачскую тропу или же Тропу слез в
одних шлепанцах, в изношенных и разбитых ботинках, а в дороге питаться лишь
дикими ягодами. Но здесь восхождение на Арагац превращается в негласное
соревнование в удобной походной одежде, с использованием снаряжения, подготовкой
запасов и тщательном планировании каждого занятия и возможных трудностей,
которые могут возникнуть на пути. Постсоциалистическая потребительская
экономика берет верх над миражом жизни со средним доходом. И там, где
реальность не дает надежды, возникает неутолимая жажда вырваться из удушливых
гор и жить… Возможно, это уже сам по себе урок.
Днем здесь серо, а встречи с друзьями – это
дипломатическое упражнение в балансировании между предпочитаемыми кафе, которые
находятся всего в нескольких минутах ходьбы (если идти по городу быстрее, чем
мчатся автомобили). Здесь и стремительность, и отсутствие движения одновременно
– странное состояние. Что-то делать
между встречами просто бессмысленно– кто-нибудь из прохожих заметит вас и
проведет следующий час, выражая свою искреннюю радость от случайной встречи. А
может, наоборот, сделать вид, что не заметил вас, и пройти мимо, обиженный, что
вы лично не предупредили его о своем приезде. Но наградой за любую получасовую встречу,
возмещающей любой ущерб комфорту путешественника, будут несколько часов
разговора, который начинается со сдержанного оптимизма, переходит в отчаяние,
заканчивается трагедией, но всегда завершается громче горного грома “приезжай
еще, и поскорее!..”.
Как такое вообще возможно?! Разве этот человек только
что не провел несколько часов, подробно рассказывая о том, как все идет
кувырком, летит в бездну? Эти люди неистовы в своей воле к жизни.
И они создают. Новая экономика потребительского блеска
открыла рестораны, которые предлагают свои фирменные блюда, правда, без
ключевого ингредиента… ну, потому что такая трава растет только весной, так
что… “приезжайте еще, и поскорее!”. Экономика блеска также создала
параллельный мир возрастающего неравенства, невиданного ранее и затаившегося в
недавно открытых объятиях потребительского кредитного блаженства с различной
доступностью. Только многовековые христианские монастыри стоят в безупречном
строю в милях друг от друга на вершине массивного ущелья, как невероятный
символ стабильности, мудрости, настойчивости и таланта. Вновь созданные
бизнес-школы с растущим числом студентов пытаются подражать древнему ремеслу.
Но работа уличных ремесленников, как и средневековые
рукописные манускрипты, беспрецедентна по своему качеству – мастер узнает свою
работу издалека, потратит столько времени, сколько вам потребуется, чтобы
обсудить эскизы и примерки. И даже если вы не собираетесь ничего покупать, он попросит
вас “прийти еще раз…”, ну, когда вы сможете.
Есть новая прослойка экспатов, которая пытается
решить, как справиться с суровой реальностью, примириться с судьбой… почему бы не
сходить в кино, чтобы на время забыть о настоящем за просмотром нового фильма?
Есть столь же внезапный приток блудных соотечественников (иногда их называют
диаспорой) с ограниченными горизонтами прогнозирования и еще не определившихся,
получают ли они гражданство всей страны (нации) или их интересует лишь центральная
часть столицы со всеми вытекающими из этого впечатлениями. Но стремление к
новой жизни неустанно, и некоторые надеются на лучшее в вихре этих быстро
меняющихся, но похожих на театр кабуки, социальных условий.
Есть бурно развивающийся, но, в основном,
ориентированный на экспорт, сектор новых технологий, минимальный по размеру
экономики. Однако по ожиданиям и требованиям денежной компенсации его можно
сравнить с «Титаником». Есть также альтруистическая и недостаточно
финансируемая поддержка семей ветеранов и тех, кто был перемещен в результате
конфликта или живет сейчас, в 2023 году, в условиях физической блокады. В
подвале звучат звуки новой фольклорной группы, невероятный профессионализм,
качество и, да, воля к жизни, к победе и к выживанию! Это неумолимый народ.
Восклицательные знаки, восклицательные знаки, а в горячем
котле смятения – одни вопросы. Ответов сейчас нет. Возможно, есть надежда, но
это стандарт, которым больше не руководствуются, да и не в этом дело.
Жизнь реальна, хотя непроходимые горные хребты
отделяют нас от тех, кто остро нуждается, отрезан от других, живет сейчас в
настоящей блокаде! Это люди одного рода, празднующие громче и красочнее, чем
те, кто занят покупками в торговых центрах или спешит через службу безопасности
аэропорта на европейские курорты.
Ибо это неумолимый народ, который не раз был опустошен
жерновами истории, но его не победить…
Piercing through the depths of a dark and exhausting night, the passenger plane was on its final approach. The plane was going through turbulence in the clouds, as some civilization’s lights appeared down below. Two rows behind a man woke up dialing his phone informing someone on the other side of the line that things were fine and landing was soon. Within seconds another man across the aisle did the same. A woman stood up sorting through her carry-on, chatting up with someone else from few rows away. Flight attendants rushed to get the passengers back into their seats with seatbelts fastened but only for few moments. Within minutes another group of passengers was up on their feet chatting and joking with others. The only way through all that was to land the damn thing and get the people off as fast as possible. Naturally, once the plane was in “parking position” those from the very back rows ended up impatiently standing in the alley before those in the front rows could blink their eyes. The scene, so frequently repeated on even the most refined of flights, was somewhat unique on this occasion. We have finally arrived to the Zvartnots airport in Yerevan, Armenia…
In this place, there is some sort of relentless will to live: to live in the fast lane. One can tell that by the cars speeding through the intersections – clearly, it is the very last moment and at no time else that the driver can make this turn, or so it seems. Spontaneous chaotic crowding in the shopping malls is also normal because it may be a sign of something in deficit and worthy of attention, which could potentially be “crucial” in improving one’s living conditions. There is an ancient tomb (from the Urartu kingdom of the 8th century BCE) adjacent right next to one of the shopping centers—few of the staff would know about it but then it is not so old compared to the fortress or other even lesser known archaeological sites… The 5,500-year old leather shoe itself is older than life…
The fog and cold are mind dumbing coupled with excessive amount of over-priced coffee that doesn’t seem to be helping with the annoying jet lag. By the way, coffee too has transformed from once a home-made delicacy, even when served in artisanal cafes, to a now standardized industrial production of multi-functional coffee machines. What remains is just the occasional smell of roasted coffee beans crushed to make countless cappuccinos (with a required signature foam patterns)… This place is relentless and its people just don’t rest in their push for everything new and perfect.
The slopes of Aragats
One might hike the entire Appalachian Trail or walk the Trail of Tears in just flip-flop-like
worn-out and broken shoes eating wild berries to get by. But here, the ascent to
the Aragats is an
unannounced competition in comfortable hiking wear and gear, supplies preparation
and careful planning of each activity and challenge to arise on the way. The
post-socialist consumer economy takes over its reigns with a mirage of middle
income living. And where the reality offers no hope, there is an unsatiated thirst
to break out of the stifling mountains and to just live… Perhaps, that is a
lesson in itself.
It is grey during the daylight
and meeting friends is a diplomatic exercise in balancing between preferred
cafes that are only few minutes away, if one walks across the city faster than
speeding cars. There is a rush and lack of motion at the same time, a strange
state to be in. Getting any work done in between the meetings is pointless –
someone passing by would spot you and spend the next hour expressing their
sincere joy of seeing you or might pretend to not notice and insulted for the
lack of advance private notice of your arrival be on their way. But a reward from
the actual half-an-hour meeting, repairing any injury to the visitor’s comfort,
is a few hours-long conversation that starts with reserved optimism, jumps into
desperation, landing in tragedy but always concluding with a louder than mountainous
thunder “come back again, and soon!..”
How is this even possible?! Hasn’t
this person just spent hours by detailing how it all was going down the drain? These
people are relentless in their will to live.
And then they create. The new economy of consumer glitter has created restaurants that offer their signature production without the key ingredient… well because it only grows in spring, so… “come back again, and soon!” The glitter economy has also created a parallel world of worsening inequality unseen before and hushed away by the newly discovered cuddle of consumer credit bliss with varying affordability. Except, that the centuries old Christian monasteries stand in a perfect line formation miles apart from each other on top of massive gorge in their incredible sign of stability, aged-wisdom, perseverance, and talent. The newly created business schools with swelling enrollment try to emulate the ancient trade.
Tegher monastery & Ararat
But the work of street craftsmen, just as the medieval hand-written manuscripts would have it, is unprecedented in its quality—the master recognizes her work from a distance away, spending as much time as you might require to talk through designs and try-ons, even IF one has no intention to buy anything but asking you to “come back again…” when you can.
There is a new expat substratum struggling to decide how to process the harsh realities, to accept the fate or to go see a new movie in a forgetful state of mind. There is an equally sudden inflow of prodigal compatriots (sometimes, known as a diaspora) with limited forecast horizons and not having yet thought if they are acquiring citizenship of a country (nation) or that of the capital city’s center with all the subsequent excitements. But the push for new life is relentless and some hope for better in this whirlwind of these fast changing, yet kabuki-like, social settings.
There is the booming but largely export-oriented emerging tech sector, minimal to the size of the economy but, nevertheless, a Titanic in its expectations and monetary compensation demands. There is also the altruistically and underfunded support to the families of the veterans and those displaced by the conflict or living, now in the 2023 in a physical blockade. In the basement there are the sounds of a new folklore band, incredible professionalism, quality, and, yes, the will to live, to overcome, and to persist! They are a relentless people.
Exclamation marks, exclamation
marks, and in the hot stew of confusion are only questions. There are no
answers now. Perhaps there is hope, but that is a standard that guides no more
and that is not the point.
Life is real, even though the impassable mountain ranges separate from those in dire need and cut-off from others, living now in a real blockade! Those people are of the same kin, celebrating louder and with more color than those busy shopping in the malls or hurrying through the airport security to the European resorts.
For this is a relentless people that have been devastated more than once by the millstones of history but they are not to be won over…
Mount Ararat (in the distance) and the 13th century monastery of Tegher, Armenia
“Holidays
are best for getting work done,” is the often-repeated adage in the academic
world. And, no doubt, it is sad and ironic for such an observation to be true,
yet it is.
It
is in the “down” time between the semesters that the bulk of reading and
research work is done, with scholarly papers written at the time threaded in
between the lines with feelings of guilt for not partaking in celebrations. The
latter have been hard to enjoy since the pandemic. And in the post-socialist Europe and the
former Soviet Union regular life has been oscillating around the promise of the
consumer bliss and devastating tragedies. The fate of the small states still
matters.
Adding
to the earlier editions of the “ten books” lists, here’s a selection for the upcoming
spring. As before, I’ve tried to stay away from the common bestsellers (it is
indeed tiring to see every major newspaper recommending the same books to read)
and have spiced this list with a range of topics. But hopefully, an attentive
reader spots a common trend: economic development in its multifaceted
diversity.
Omitting
a lengthy explanation, the books in this selection touch on the problems of
industrial and competition policies, political economy, economic history, poverty
and inequality, as well as the new favorite in the economic development – diaspora for development.
Happy
New Year and let’s hope it’s a good one! Enjoy your readings!
By
monopoly power here, I’d also like to share the news on the upcoming
publication that I had the privilege of editing and working with some of the
most brilliant economists – and yes, it again deals with problems of economic
development, debt, international capital flows, (dominant-periphery) currencies,
and more.
To keep up the practice of reading and sharing some interesting books that are likely not to appear in the most prestigious Top Ten platforms, here comes a fall 2022 installment. Previous suggestions can be found here (summer 2022), here & here.
It is incredible how much of the economic history that we think we might know and understand is relevant today. In fact, hardly anything else matters as much as a critical analysis of the economic (i.e., social) past to our interpretation of contemporary economic developments, especially in an “small open economy” context. We discussed the difficult choices facing such economies earlier, e.g., here.
As usual, this selection of books avoids the obvious blockbuster issues, though some books are new and may be more popular than others. Motivated by exchanges with colleagues, students, and friends, this list subjectively, reflects what I’ve read (or aim to read) and find relevant in the confusing intellectual web of economic development and economic history.
Taylor,
Lance. 2011. Maynard’s
Revenge. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Ah! And (yet, again, claiming that monopoly right) this summer Transition Economies was released in an audio format by Tantor Media (Yay!) and narrated by Peter Lerman (Yay, again!), and can be listened to here or on Amazon.
From the ninth-floor balcony the
view opened at another unremarkable high-rise across the street, followed by
few others on all sides. The mountain breeze, sneaked into the city’s center
through the towering urban structures and car exhaust, occasionally brought
that rare mid-day freshness one imagines would be natural in high-altitude
location. The two doves courting each other and, probably, building a nest
around the balcony, gave a hopeful feel to the trip.
It was visibly hot, draining all
energy and tiring. By mid-day things would turn to the worse by absolutely
insane traffic pattern and lack of natural shade. The cars were on top of each
other in a Brownian motion, though luckily, managing to advance in the same
direction on a one-way street. The breeze also delivered a mix of sounds from a
far. Amidst random conversations, some odd noise from what seemed to be a passing
protest accompanied by a cacophony of sirens meshed with the sounds of
wine-drinking public at a festival along the “wine street”…
Every early, by city’s standards,
morning, at about 8AM, a red table would be rolled out in front of a barber
shop across the street from the ninth-floor balcony building. That barbershop
had two different flags attached to its awning. The red table would be out
every morning in a ritualistic manner, rain or shine (well, it didn’t rain
much). It was a basic metal summer table, often used in public parks or less-so
trendy restaurants for outside seating. Yet, that was the most remarkable part:
it was a red table.
Was the table needed to attract new customers or provide the workers with an opportunity for mild gossip before full day’s work? Perhaps both. But every day, coffee was served and barbers, hairdressers, patrons, friends, friends of friends, bystanders, neighbors, and just random tourists… anyone could stop by the red table. The table gave a different perspective than the balcony view of course. The former was a street level, on the ground, connected with the exhausted and expressive drivers stuck in choking traffic jam.
That traffic was due to part of
the city center being blocked for either protests or celebrations. Most of the
time the two events occurred at the same time, just a block apart and yet
always separate from each other. Often, faster than some sports cars, the
scooters ran over pedestrians on the sidewalks, which was quite audible up at
the ninth-floor but barely making the local news. “You’ll get used to it,” was
the common refrain.
The city breathed and exhaled heat. Anyone drinking water from the drinking fountains, scattered along the narrow streets, was up for a new sensation of their life never having had to try water of such distinct taste, coolness, and freshness. In this heat the street fruit sellers watched their produce ripe in a matter of minutes. It was best to enjoy the true taste of apricots and mulberry before the dust settled and choked off oxygen to the tiny worms found in the fruit’s natural core. In this rushing cacophony of sounds and colors, the loudest was the unspoken silence of the flags, out there, on the hill, thousands of them… Seemed the same from a far, the flags trembled and danced in the wind each to their own tune and character as individual they were…
Few steps outside the city there was a different world ripe for discovery. That was the world of mysterious five-thousand-year-old past and three millennia old fortresses the laid the foundation to the city. It was the world of sleeping volcanoes towering the city but invisible from the other parts of the country where the mountains rival that of any other place in their magisterial height, relevance, and history. That was the world of bad roads, crane nests, and most hospitable sincere people living very simple modest lives. It was the world of grand high elevation freshwater lakes and myriads of hiking paths: the world of sheep overrunning highways and picturesque mountain views frozen in time and memory of anyone who might had a misfortune of seeing those cliffs at least once. Every color known to a human eye and every that is yet to be explored would reveal itself in those mountains through the day and late into the night when the moon would take over the sun. But much of that world would largely be left unknown to the urban dwellers busy buying electronic cigarettes and sipping cappuccinos in the narrowly seated cafes.
Back in the city, not counting the tourists, there were roughly four groups at any given moment. The first was active, out there in the sun and immeasurable heat demanding to be heard. The second group was busy either setting up for or attending some event or celebrations or planning Mediterranean vacations. The third was meeting for business lunches or working from remotely in coffee-shops (though at some point one realizes the coffee was losing its taste). And the fourth was busy toiling through the day with philosophical stamina of taxi drivers or that framed by poorly air conditioned offices and the overpaid computer screens. The tourists, some staying longer than others, were everywhere and spread across all four groups; some might argue forming their own movement. Often, the same people would cross over from one to another group multiple times during the day and that was just ok…
Just like the mountainous rivers
relentlessly rushing through anything in their way, the evenings brought fresh
respite from the day’s heat. The mind was functioning again. People walked the
streets late into the night with hope and smiles, meeting up with old and new
friends, but also distancing from the reality, persevering through the day. As
one climbed up the stairs the air tasted fresher and cooler. That delicate afternoon
mountain breeze was now turning into a wind. That was enough for a day.
It seemed that none of the past [or
even the present] mattered at that moment. But it was the past that determined
absolutely every action, spoken word, and thoughts for everyone at that every
split of the moment.
The following day the red table would
be out again and city life would resume its cycle. There is no end to history.
For now…
Summer 2022 just can’t get here fast enough; with hopes of ending that
long year of 2020 and an opportunity to read more [and travel, of
course]. Adding to the previous suggestions [here & here], listed below are my ten books to read this summer.
View of Tolors, Armenia. July 2019. (c) AVGevorkyan
So
far, we have been talking economic systems, development patterns, and
competitive pressures across industries, … and more. There are two rising economic
issues: 1) new social contract in the advanced economies and 2) the fate of the
“small economy.” The global economy is likely to go through major realignments in
economic policy, trade patterns, supply chains, consumer markets, and,
importantly, access to new technology. Much of it has already been happening
since (and before) 2020, and intensifying recently [some preliminary thoughts here
and here].
But back to the readings… This selection [as before, avoids the latest blockbuster issues and] is motivated by the above and exchanges with students, colleagues, and on social media [for which, I’m sincerely grateful], but still, subjectively, reflects what I find relevant to the confusing intellectual and policy web of economic development.
Hopefully,
the diversity of the book list will be sufficient for potential readers to find
at least one book to add to their readings. Oh, and claiming monopoly powers, I
hope you might challenge your priors and look through my Transition Economies: Transformation, Development,
and Society in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. The
linearity of economic thinking has led on the false path of crushing hopes. The
book is an attempt to provide a holistic analysis of the region’s economic
history nonlinear trajectories, explaining the present and peaking into the
future…
Winter [with snow] makes for more pensive pass times… Following up to my summer 2021 book list, here’s a modest attempt to a thoughtful winter reading motivated in part by recent Twitter exchanges on economists reading (or not)… the classical authors.
This
year, 2021, has been an oddly difficult one…filled with hope, promise,
disappointment, and more tragic disappointment and hope again. Perhaps, these books
may help one shift their thoughts, albeit temporarily, away from the hard
realities outside and gain emotional strength and practical wisdom to carry on.
Carry
on we must…
The
books are listed alphabetically by author. Very subjectively, reflecting my
current interests, mixed with the classics and books about them are the readings
on New York City, the post-socialist transition economies, and modern
international economics.
I
was recently asked to recommend few books on general topics in economics to
read over the summer. Well, there is a lot out there that is exceptionally
interesting and thematic but would not fit into a “top ten” list…
So,
instead of listing some of the newest highly ranked bestsellers, which in any
case one can easily find elsewhere, here is a mixed selection that has motivated
some thinking over the past year or so. These are the first ten that came to
mind listed alphabetically by author and with no pretense for originality.
And
yes, there are a couple that might not strike one as purely on “economics” but
that’s the challenge to overcome perhaps. Happy readings!
Nassim Nicholas Taleb. 2014. Antifragile. New York, NY: Penguin Random House.
Oh… and because I was also asked to recommend something on
game theory, but can’t decide which is better, here’s
a list prepared by Ariel Rubinstein who’s clearly a way more respected
authority on the subject!